88-5 梨臺中3號晶翠梨之育成(臺中區農業改良場)

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研究彙報第88期－2005年09月出刊

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88-5 梨臺中3號晶翠梨之育成

研究彙報第八十八期， Page 51- 59，出版時間：2005- 9， 詳細內容

梨臺中3號晶翠梨之育成 作者： 廖萬正、張林仁、張致盛 摘　　要

　　在民國 74 年以幸水梨為母本，橫山梨為父本，進行雜交，其雜交 F₁ 種子培育成植株後，選出編號 “14-25” 品系，經農委會作物命名審查委員會審查通過，命名為臺中 3 號晶翠梨。臺中 3 號梨植株生育健壯，花芽形成多，屬短果枝結果型，產量高，低溫需求量低，為 600~700 小時，能在低海拔地區種植。果實生育日數為開花後約 140 日可收穫，屬中生種，果重平均為 413 g ，果肉白、細脆、多汁、甜度高、果汁率為 85.8% ，糖度為 12.4 ^oBrix 。果實之櫥架壽命在 5 日以上，低溫 (1 ℃ ) 貯藏期可達 2 個月以上。梨臺中 3 號品質優良，果實耐冷藏，可在低海拔地區種植，免除高接作業，每公頃每年可節省 25 萬元以上之支出，本品種推廣後，可大幅降低臺灣梨生產成本，而提高競爭力。

關鍵字： 東方梨、育種、臺中三號。

The Breeding of Pear ‘Taichung No. 3’ Wan-Cheng Liao, Lin-Ren Chang and Chih-Sheng Chang ABSTRACT

　　 The hybrid offspring No. 14-25 selected from the cross of ‘Kosui’ (female) and ‘Hengshan’ (male) of which was named as ‘Taichung No. 3’ after approval by “Crop Nomenclature Committee, Council of Agriculture in 2005. The hybrid offspring appeared strong growth vigor and produced large number of flower bud and high yield. The chilling requirement is low as 600-700 hours, so it can be planted in lowland areas. The growth period of the fruit is about 140 days after full-blooming. The average single fruit weight is 413g. The flesh is white, crispy, juicy and sweet with 85.8% of juice percentage, while the total soluble solids is 12.4 ^oBrix. The shelf life of fresh fruit is longer than 5 days. The fruit is tolerant to cold storage (1 ℃ ) and can be stored more than 2 months.

　　 Pear ‘Taichung No. 3’ can be planted in lowland areas and needs no top-grafting operation, so the production cost is saved about NT$250,000 per hectare annually. Therefore, the competitiveness of the pear industry in Taiwan can be increased by the extension of “Taichung No.3.”

key words: oriental pear, breeding, Taichung No. 3.

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