研究彙報第八十八期 ， Page 1- 17，出版時間：2005- 9， 詳細內容

　　 Rice cultivar ‘Tai-keng Glutinous 5’ (Oryza sativa L.) (TKW5, formerly called bred line Tai-keng-yu 9480) is an early maturing, high-yielding, glutinous endosperm cultivar which developed cooperatively by Chiayi Experiment Station of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) and Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station (DARES) by hybridization. TKW5 was officially released on December, 1995 through Rice Breeding Committee of Taiwan Provincial Government.

　　 TKW 5 was selected from a cross Tainung 67/Tainan-waxy-yu 17 which made at Chiayi Station of TARI in 1987and accomplished breeding works in Taichung DARES. Parent Tainung 67 is a leader cultivar in Taiwan had an erect culms and leaves, high yield, and pest tolerance characteristics, but poor in rice quality such as white belly. The parent Tainan-waxy-yu 17, an experimental line developed at Tainan DAIS, is an early maturing, short-statured, resistant to lodging and blast disease, and has a bigger kernel but yield less than a popular Taichung Glutinous 70 (TCW 70). It is therefore desirable to develop high yield such as Tainung 67, with productivity, early maturity, big kernel glutinous rice. TKW 5 met with this requirement.

　　 In seven regional yield trials conducted from 1993 to 1994 in Taiwan, TKW 5 matured at 123 and 107 days in the first and second season crops, respectively, which are 6 and 7 days earlier than TCW 70 after transplanting. TKW 5 has 104 and 99 cm plant height in 1st and 2nd season crops, respectively. Grain yield of TKW 5 at nitrogen 120 kg/ha fertilization yielded averaged 6663 and 5136 kg/ha (13% moisture) are increased more 9 and 15.6% than TCW 70 as a check cultivar, respectively.

　　 TKW 5 has shown moderate resistance to blast, but susceptible to bacterial blight, sheath blight, and hopper insects after tested in Taiwan Uniform Rice Nurseries from 1992 to 1994. The endosperm of TKW 5 is glutinous, non-aromatic, and has a light brown pericarp. Results obtained from the Rice Quality Research Laboratory, Taichung DARES, indicating that TKW 5 has good milling quality and low gelatinizing temperature according to alkali (1.7% KOH) spreading reaction of 6.

　　 TKW5 is recommended to be grown in both single and double season crop fields in Taiwan. Due to the response of nitrogen application test, this cultivar will be lodged at dressing high level of 240 N kg/ha. The fertilizer is recommended to be moderate and applied as early as possible. In order to obtain the high quality of glutinous rice, irrigation should not be cut off too early before harvest, and harvest should be done at sunny day.

Key words: Tai-keng Glutinous 5, early maturity, glutinous rice, breeding.