作者：許愛娜、蔡宜峰、張隆仁

　　 1996~1997 年分別在一期作與裡作栽培綠肥作物青皮豆，並利用省工之整地直播與機插，探討青皮豆處理與不同水稻耕種方式對於二期作三個水稻品種稻米產量與品質之影響。不同品種間之差異最為明顯，公頃產量高低依序以臺稉 8 號、臺中秈 10 號與臺稉 9 號分別有 5,840 、 5,430 與 5,188 kg 的表現；臺稉 9 號有最佳的碾米品質，但亦因為有腹白而使得白米外觀是最差的；臺中秈 10 號的直鏈澱粉含量最低，但粗蛋白質含量則以臺稉 9 號明顯低於另兩個品種，同時後者亦有最軟的凝膠；米飯物理性表現以臺中秈 10 號明顯優於其餘兩個稉稻品種，然而米飯食味檢定卻是以臺稉 9 號最受到喜愛，臺稉 8 號表現最差；糙米品質則以秈稻表現得較稉稻好。不同綠肥處理間，公頃產量表現相同，介於 5,458~5,506 kg 之間；裡作種青皮豆處理有最佳的白米透明度，凝膠展延性亦最硬，同時一期作種青皮豆處理有較高的粗蛋白質含量。兩個水稻耕種方式間，直播之產量 (6,534 kg/ha) 明顯高於機插 (4,438 kg/ha) 外，僅機插較直播有較好的白米透明度與米飯均衡口感。兩個年度間，產量由 (5,763 kg/ha) 明顯下降至 (5,209 kg/ha) ，第二年之白米透明度變差、腹白增加、凝膠展延性轉硬，最值得一提的是，粗蛋白質含量明顯下降，但米飯食用品質並未增進。

關鍵字： 水稻、綠肥、青皮豆、耕種方式、產量、米質。

　　 Blue soybean, grown as green manure in the first crop and inter-crop seasons, were rotated with three rice varieties under direct seeding and machine transplanting methods. The effects of rice variety, blue soybean treatment, cultural practice of rice and year on the yield and quality of the second crop rice were evaluated. The results indicated that there were mostly significant differences among varieties. The yield order of Taikeng 8, Taichung sen 10 and Taikeng 9 was 5,840 kg/ha, 5,430 kg/ha, and 5,188 kg/ha, respectively. Taikeng 9 had better milling quality than that of the other two varieties, but had the worst grain appearance due to white-belly. Meanwhile, Taichung sen 10 had the lowest amylose content, while Taikeng 9 had the lowest crude protein content than that of the other two varieties and softest gel consistency. Taikeng 9 also had the best performance on eating quality, while Taikeng 8 was the worst. Furthermore, the brown rice quality of Taichung sen 10 was better than that of the other two japonica rice varieties. Among the different blue soybean treatments, all had the same yield performance which were between 5,458~5,506 kg/ha. On the other hand the second crop rice of the blue soybean planted in the inter-crop season had the best translucency of grain appearance, the harder gel consistency and that of the blue soybean planted in the first crop season had higher crude protein content. Between two different cultivation methods, the yield (6,534 kg/ha) of direct seeding was higher than that (4,438 kg/ha) of machine transplanting. However, the machine transplanting method had better translucency of grain appearance and better performance in balance of cooked rice. Results of two-year trials showed that yield was decreased from 5,736 kg/ha to 5,209 kg/ha, the translucency of grain appearance became worse, and white-belly increased. It was noted that the crude protein content was significantly decreased for the second year, but eating quality of cooked rice had no change.

Key words: rice, green manure, blue soybean, cultivation method, yield, rice quality.