作者：許謙信、陳彥睿

　　 本試驗瓶插液添加常用之檸檬酸、 8-HQS 、或次氯酸鈉等具抑菌效果之藥劑，探討不同抑菌藥劑下添加蔗糖後之植體碳水化合物代謝變化。試驗結果建議消費者使用適當之瓶插液，以達到延長菊花觀賞壽命之目的。不同瓶插液會影響菊花之鮮重變化。以蒸餾水為瓶插液時，瓶插後第五天鮮重即明顯下滑至原有鮮重之 80% 以下。加入 200 ppm 之 8-HQS ，或 120 ppm 次氯酸鈉為抑菌劑，同時加入 2% 蔗糖，可以維持鮮重於 100% 以上至少達 14 天。添加 500 ppm 檸檬酸在第一週可以維持鮮重，然而第二週鮮重亦明顯下降。菊花插於添加保鮮劑之瓶插液，其花徑及花重均明顯優於插於水中之對照組。葉片黃化作為菊花瓶插壽命重要指標，在加入 200 ppm 之 8-HQS ，或 120 ppm 次氯酸鈉，同時加入 2% 蔗糖之二組瓶插液下，下位葉片黃化減少，明顯獲得改善。加入蔗糖會增加花朵、葉片、及莖部之可溶性碳水化合物及澱粉含量，然各器官之碳水化合物分布依添加不同之藥劑而異。

關鍵字： 菊花、採收後處理、瓶插壽命、次氯酸鈉。

　　 The effects of chemicals, such as citric acid, 8-HQS and sodium hypochloride were evaluated. The carbohydrate metabolism of cut chrysanthemum was investigated when sucrose was added into vase solutions. Using vase solution instead of water was suggested to consumers. Proper solutions could extend vase life significantly. Fresh weights of cut flowers increased by adding preservatives. Fresh weight of cut flowers decreased to less than 80% after 5 days in water. On the other hand, fresh weights could uphold to more than 100% when 2% sucrose and either 8-HQS or sodium hypochloride were added in vase solutions. Adding citric acid could maintain fresh weight in first week. However, fresh weight decreased in second week. The flower diameters and weights of flowers in preservatives were significantly higher that that in water. Chlorosis or brownish leaves could be the indicator of vase life. Flowers in preservatives with 2% sucrose and either 200 ppm 8-HQS or 120ppm sodium hypochloride had less chlorosis and brownish leaves. The soluble carbohydrates and starch of flowers, leaves and stems increased when sucrose was added into vase solutions. However, the distribution of carbohydrates into flowers and leaves were different when flowers put into different antibiotics with sucrose.

Key words: chrysanthemum, postharvest, vase life, sodium hypochloride.